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Review Article
New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase among clinical isolates in Nepal
1 Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
2 Saint Xavier’s College, Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Surya Prasad Devkota
Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu,
Nepal
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Article ID: 100010M08SD2018
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Devkota SP, Paudel A. New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase among clinical isolates in Nepal. Edorium J Microbiol 2018;4:100010M08SD2018.ABSTRACT
Background: Incidence and drug resistance of the isolates producing New Delhi Metallo- β-lactamase (NDM) has been increasing throughout the world. Nepal is located between India and China from where abundant reports of NDM detection has been reported in recent days but in Nepal, very few studies are there. Hence this review was done to know the status of NDM in Nepal and its various characteristics.
Method: Research articles reporting NDM producing isolates from Nepal published before June 2018 were searched using various scientific databases using specific keywords and required data were extracted.
Result: According to the reviewed articles, NDM was prevalent in E.coli, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Providencia and other members of Enterobacteriaceae in Nepal. Seven variants of this gene were reported including NDM-1, NDM-3, NDM-4, NDM-7, NDM- 8, NDM-12, and NDM-13. These pathogens were not susceptible to almost all routine drugs due to co-existence of NDM gene with the wide variety of other drug resistance genes like Carbapenemases, ESBL, 16S rRNA methylases etc. Most of them were sensitive only to colistin, tigecycline, and fosfomycin. Some of these isolates were extremely drug-resistant as well as resistant to colistin, one of the last resort drugs.
Conclusion: High drug resistance of these isolates and their distribution among major human bacterial pathogens necessitates the prompt surveillance of these pathogens throughout the country, monitoring their resistant patterns, judicious antibiotic use, screening of these isolates from clinical, food, and environmental isolates and development of appropriate control measures.
Keywords: Clinical isolates, Nepal, New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Author Contributions
Surya Prasad Devkota - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
d"; ?>Ashmita Paudel - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
d"; ?> Guaranter of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2018 Surya Prasad Devkota et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
